Posted: April 10th, 2015

Child and Adolescent Psychology

Define Emotion and say what develops in emotional development. Are other mental systems involved? What drives the process?

 

 

 

Break the above into its various parts.

 

1. Define emotion. Attempt some form of definition. Be careful about dictionary definitions, although they can be useful. You may look to define it in a fashion by looking at what some consider to be its components.

 

 

 

2. (A major component of the question.) What develops in emotional development? So, what is the starting point? What is the origin? Note competing theories of emotions. How might they differ in answering this part of the question? (Hint. What develops and what does not develop?)

 

 

 

3. Are other mental systems involved? Think of the complexity of being human, of emotional development, and of emotional responses. I don’t want to spell out the answer for this part.

 

 

 

4. What drives the process? (Hint. What kinds of experiences?)

 

 

 

The above are not meant to limit you if you can argue that you can give other points that are relevant.

 

 

 

Question 2

 

Discuss deprivation and adversity for children and the effect this has on a child’s emotional development. Ensure to link this to attachment.

 

 

 

Again, break the question into its various parts. For example:

 

 

 

1. What are the kinds of deprivation that children can encounter? (One hint is to think of their needs.)

 

 

 

2. A child can encounter adversity in a range of qualitatively different situations. What might be some of these? What might be something that helps a child deal with adversity (and deprivation?

 

 

 

3. Analyse how factors covered in points one and two affect emotional development.

 

 

 

4. ** It is critical that you discuss attachment (and kinds of attachment) in depth, especially in the context of adversity.

 

 

 

5. Overall, keep in mind that the question is about emotional development. So, bear in mind what develops. Be aware of the potential human variability.

 

 

 

Finally, if you have points that seem very relevant but do not seem to fit well into a category above then work in such material.

 

 

 

Question 3

 

Discuss the processes that link the development of secondary emotion to the type of care a child receives and explain how the secondary emotions that develop (or not) as a result of this influence a child’s behavioural motivations.

 

 

 

1. A broad point. This question involves a consideration of environmental influences on the child, especially those involving social interaction, because it is through social interaction that secondary emotions arise and evolve.

 

 

 

2. Now look more closely at the term ‘interaction’. There is a reciprocal relationship between the child and carer. Two important concepts/characteristics here are dependency (which defines childhood) and attachment (argued by some to be instinctive). Describe both of these in some detail.

 

 

 

3. The essay is about the development of secondary emotions, and so their nature needs some coverage. The development or otherwise of a range of secondary emotions can be associated with differences in kinds of attachment.

 

 

 

4. Explain how the secondary emotions that develop affect a child’s behavioural motivations. This may seem elusive at first. Hint. Consider the self-conscious secondary emotions. How might they be relevant in social situations……………….

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